Anime, also known as Japanimation, refers to hand-drawn and computer-generated animation originating from Japan. The term “anime” is derived from the English word “animation,” and within Japan, it broadly encompasses all forms of animated media. Outside Japan, however, “anime” specifically denotes animation produced in Japan or a distinctive Japanese animation style characterized by vivid graphics, expressive characters, and fantastical themes. This cultural interpretation allows for the possibility that anime can be produced in countries other than Japan.

Japanese commercial animation has a history dating back to 1917. A signature art style emerged in the 1960s through the works of Osamu Tezuka, which gained popularity both domestically and internationally during the latter half of the 20th century. Anime is distributed through various channels, including theatrical screenings, television broadcasts, home media releases, and online platforms. Many anime series and films are original works, but a significant portion are adaptations of manga (Japanese comics), light novels, or video games.

Over time, animation techniques and production methods have evolved alongside technological advancements. As a multimedia form, anime integrates graphic art, character development, cinematography, and innovative visual effects. The focus in anime production often leans more towards creating realistic settings and employing dynamic camera techniques such as panning, zooming, and varied angles, rather than solely emphasizing smooth movement. Art styles across anime are diverse, with character designs ranging from exaggerated proportions and large, expressive eyes to more realistic features.

Anime spans numerous genres, catering to both broad and niche audiences. In the United States, terms like “wapanese” have emerged to describe fans—originally referring to White individuals who aspire to be Japanese, and later evolving into “weeaboo,” which denotes individuals with a strong fascination with Japanese anime culture.